Inguinal and femoral hernias
1. Big picture
Inguinal and femoral hernias are groin hernias. They are common surgical diseases, but the exam focus is not only “what is a hernia?” — it is:
- Can you distinguish inguinal from femoral hernia clinically?
- Can you distinguish direct from indirect inguinal hernia anatomically?
- Can you recognize strangulation and operate urgently?
- Can you explain the principles of open, laparoscopic, mesh, and tissue repair?
Groin hernia repair is one of the most common operations globally, with more than 20 million procedures performed yearly. Current HerniaSurge guidelines recommend mesh-based repair for most adult inguinal hernias, while selected non-mesh repair is possible if expertise is available.
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